RaceCapturePro Sensors: Difference between revisions

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=Sensors=
=Sensors=
==Temperature Sensors==
===Engine Temperature===
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
! align="left"| Mfg
|-
! Pic
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Temperature Sensors</h1>
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>GM-Style</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! Pigtail
! Pigtail
! Part Numbers
! Mechanical
! Mechanical
! Analog Configuration
! Notes
! Notes
! Analog Channel Configuration
|-
|-
|GM
|[[Image:SU109_C.jpg|100px]]
|[[Image:5615pt.png|100px]]
|  
|  
*Wells SU109 : Standard Motors Products (SMP) TX3
* Wells SU109
*Pigtail Pico 5615pt
* SMP TX3
* Pigtail: Pico 5615pt
|
[[Image:SU109_C.jpg|150px]]
| 3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal.
| 3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal.
| <link to Race Capture analog channel configuration>
| Can be used for air inlet temperature for normally aspirated engine
| Can be used for air inlet temperature for normally aspirated engines
 
| rowspan="3" |
* Using [[#Temperature_Sensor|2.2K pullup resistor]]
| rowspan="3" |
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|-
|-
|GM
|[[Image:SU107_C.jpg|100px]]
|[[Image:5616pt.png|100px]]
|
|
*Wells SU107 : Standard Motors Products (SMP) AX1
* Wells SU107
*Pigtail Pico 5616pt
* SMP AX1
* Pigtail: Pico 5616pt
|
[[Image:SU107_C.jpg|150px]]
 
| 3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal.
| 3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal.
| <link to Race Capture analog channel configuration>
|
| Use for measuring air inlet temperature. Exposed sensing element, necessary for boosted engines where fast response times are necessary.  Due to the fragility of the sensing bulb, it is necessary to pot the base of the sensor leads with sensor-safe silicone when used in high vibration environments.
* Use for measuring air inlet temperature.  
|}
* Exposed sensing element, necessary for boosted engines where fast response times are necessary.   
 
* Due to the fragility of the sensing bulb, it is necessary to pot the base of the sensor leads with sensor-safe silicone when used in high vibration environments.
===Oil Temperature===
|-
 
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Delphi Style</h2>
===Ambient Air Temperature===
|-
 
|
==Pulse Sensors==
* Delphi 12160855 equivalent
===RPM===
* AEM-30-2012 Equivalent
 
|[[Image:AEM-30-2012.jpg|150px]]
===Wheel Speed===
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/extended-range-temperature-sensor/]]
 
|
==Pressure Sensors==
|
===Fluid Pressure===
* Extended temperature range - suitable for coolant and oil
 
* 1/8" NPT
===Boost / Vacuum===
* Plug set and pins are included with kit
 
|
{|class="wikitable"
* Compact form factor is appealing
! align="left"| Mfg
* [http://www.aemelectronics.com/Images/Products/Installation%20Instructions%2030-2012.pdf Specifications Sheet]
! Description
|
! Pic
* Using [[#Temperature_Sensor|2.2K pullup resistor]]
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;"  | <h2>Infrared Sensors</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! colspan="4"| Notes
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Thermocouple Sensors</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! colspan="4"| Notes
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Pressure Sensors</h1>
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Fluid Pressure</h2>
|-
| colspan="6" | These sensors are appropriate for measuring fluid pressures in an engine. Not appropriate for measuring manifold boost or vacuum as these are relative pressure sensors. Use an absolute pressure sensor instead.
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! Pigtail
! Pigtail
! Part Numbers
! Mechanical
! Mechanical
! Analog Configuration
! Notes
! Notes
! Analog Channel Configuration
|-
|-
|GM
| AEM 30-2131-150
|3.3 bar MAP sensor
| [[Image:AEM-30-2131-150.jpg|100px]]
|[[Image:sensor_9373269.jpg|100px]]
|3 pin GM connector
|[[Image:pigtail_88987997.jpg|100px]]
|1/8" NPT
|
|
* Sensor: 9373269
* 150 PSI pressure sensor, appropriate for oil and fuel.
* Pigtail: 88987997
* Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
| fastens with clips
* [http://www.aemelectronics.com/Images/Products/Installation%20Instructions%2030-2131-XXX%20Pressure%20Sensors.pdf Technical Specifications]
| <link to Race Capture analog channel configuration>
* Default kit from AEM includes pigtail
| 3.3 bar map sensor found on turbo GM products
| rowspan="3" |
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|-
|-
|DIY
| Various
|Freescale MPX4250AP 2.5 bar MAP sensor
| [[Image:10_bar_150_psi_ss_pressure_sensor.jpg|100px]]
|[[Image:MPX4250ap.png|100px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=https://www.autosportlabs.com/product/10-bar-145-psi-fluid-pressure-sensor/]]
|N/A
| 3 pin GM connector
|custom
| 1/8" NPT port
|custom
|
|<link>
* 150 PSI stainless steel pressure sensor.
|An extremely popular MAP sensor used in the Megajolt ignition and Megasquirt fuel injection systems. Can build up a simple circuit on perfboard and be powered by 5V v-ref from Race Capture
* Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
|}
* Other sensor ranges are possible - e.g. 10, 30, 150 bar, with a consistent linear output.


|-
| 2175 PSI / 150 Bar sensor
| [[Image:10_bar_150_psi_ss_pressure_sensor.jpg|100px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=https://www.autosportlabs.com/product/100-bar-1450-psi-pressure-sensor/]]
| 3 pin GM connector
| 1/8" NPT port
|
* 2175 PSI / 150 Bar stainless steel pressure sensor.
* Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
* Typically used for high pressure sensing, such as brake or clutch pressure


==Distance Sensors==
|-
 
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Manifold Pressure (MAP) Sensors</h2>
===Suspension Travel===
|-
{|class="wikitable"
|
! align="left"| Mfg
* Sensor: 12223861 (GM)
! Description
* Pigtail: 15305891 (GM) PT1035 (AC Delco)
! Pic
|
[[Image:GM_3bar_map_sensor.jpg|150px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/gm-3-bar-map-sensor/]]
|[[Image:GM_15305891_pigtail.jpg|100px]]
|
* Bracket for firewall mounting
* vacuum port
|3 bar MAP sensor
|
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|-
| Freescale MXP4250AP
|
[[Image:Freescale-Semiconductor-MPX4250AP.jpg|150px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/freescale-mpx4250-2-5-bar-map-sensor/]]
|
|
|2.5 bar MAP sensor
* An extremely popular MAP sensor used in the Megajolt ignition and Megasquirt fuel injection systems.
* Can be used in a simple circuit and powered by the 5v voltage reference from Race Capture
| * Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|-
| colspan="6" align="center' style="background-color:#FFC863;"  | <h2>Tire Pressure</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! colspan="4"| Notes
|-
| Schrader
|
| colspan="4" |
* OEM TMPS System
* Schrader TPMS receiver outputs tire pressure data on the CAN bus. would need to reverse engineer CAN bus protocol.
* Analysis / Reverse engineering work queued
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Pulse/Speed/RPM Sensors</h1>
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>RPM</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! colspan="4"| Notes
|-
| Autosport Labs CoilX
| [[Image:coilX.png]]
| colspan="4" | The CoilX sensor module is designed to safely interface the noisy, high voltage RPM signal at the ignition coil pack primary into a clean signal that RaceCapture/Pro can process. 
* [[CoilX|CoilX Project Information Page]]
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Wheel Speed / Gear speed</h2>
|-
| colspan="6" | Hall effect speed sensors will require an external 1K pull-up resistor, connected to 5v. This can be wired up near the sensor connection for convenience.
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! colspan="3" | Notes
! Pulse Channel Configuration
|-
| Hamlin 55505
|
[[Image:Hamlin_55505_gear_wheel_speed_sensor.jpg|150px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/wheel-gear-speed-sensor/]]
| colspan="3" |
* '''Simple 3 wire hookup''' - No external pullup resistor required
* Rugged Hall effect sensor suitable for harsh automotive environments (fuels, solvents, lubricants)
* -40 to 125c operation
* [http://www.hamlin.com/specSheets/55505%20IssueAD.pdf Technical Specifications]
|  rowspan="2" |
* Configure the pulse channel with the number of pulses per revolution, which maps to the number of teeth on the gear / wheel.
|-
| Cherry GS100701
|
[[Image:Cherry_GS100701_gear_speed_sensor.jpg|150px]]
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/wheel-gear-speed-sensor-aluminum-body/]]
| colspan="3" |
* Low profile, aluminum body, flying leads
* -40 to 125c operation
* [http://www.cherrycorp.com/english/sensors/pdf/gs1005-gs1007_series.pdf Technical Specifications]
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Distance Sensors</h1>
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Ride Height</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! Pigtail
! colspan="2" | Notes
! Analog Channel Configuration
|-
| Sharp GP2D12
| [[Image:sensor_GP2D12.jpg|100px]]
|
| colspan="2" |
* Optical distance sensor - 10 to 80cm range
* 3-pin connector, analog output
* Possible uses include ride height position (pointed at ground) and pedal position
* [http://www.sharpsma.com/webfm_send/1203 Technical Specifications]
| rowspan="5" |
Steps to calibrate:
#After installation place the vehicle on a level surface.
#Set the Analog calibration to 0-5v simple linear scaling
#At rest, note the voltage of the sensor. This is the zero level.
#Raise and safely support the corner of the vehicle and remove the spring.
#Move the suspension arm to full droop. Note actual inches / mm traveled and also note the voltage logged by RaceCapture/Pro
#Move the suspension arm to full compression. Note actual inches / mm and also note the voltage logged by RaceCapture/Pro
#Create Calibration Table:
* Place the droop voltage / distance combination into the 1st column of the calibration table. Make the distance '''negative'''
* Place the 'at rest' voltage into the 2nd column of the calibration table. Make the distance '''zero'''
* Place the compression voltage / distance into the 3rd column of the calibration table. Make the distance '''positive'''
* Repeat the compression voltage / distance values for the 4th and 5th columns.
|-
|
* BMW 37140141444
* Pigtail: 61138383300
| [[Image:BMW_37140141444_ride_height_sensor.jpg|100px]]
| [[Image:BMW_61138383300.jpg|100px]]
| colspan="2" |
* 5v power supply
* Approximately 0-5v output
* Measures distance over 90 degrees of the arm travel.
* Used as a ride-height sensor for BMW and Mini applications for auto-leveling headlights
|-
| Texense RHS
| [[Image:Texense_RHS_Infrared_Ride_Height_Sensor.jpg|100px]]
|
| colspan="2" |
* Infrared Ride Height Sensor
* '''12-16v supply'''
* 0-5v output
* [http://www.texense.com/en/telechargement/view.html?doc=123.pdf&id=123 Technical Specifications]
|-
| KA Sensors RHL3
| [[Image:KA_Sensors_RHL3_Laser_Ride_Height_Sensor.jpg|100px]]
|
| colspan="2" |
* Laser Ride Height Sensor
* '''11-30v supply''' - separate power supply required
* 1-5v output
* [http://www.kasensors.co.uk/RHL3.-0113.pdf Technical Specifications]
|-
| Various Mfg / String Potentiometer
| [[Image:String_Potentiometer.jpg|100px]]
|
| colspan="2" |
String Potentiometers can be used for a variety of purposes: Linear, distance, and rotation (if cable is wrapped around a shaft)
* [[#Throttle_Position_.2F_Variable_Resistors_.28Potentiometers.29_.2F_Linear_sensors|Wiring Information]]
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Angle / Rotation Sensors</h1>
|-
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#FFC863;" | <h2>Throttle Position (TPS)</h2>
|-
! Mfg / Part #
! Image
! Pigtail
! Pigtail
! Part Numbers
! Mechanical
! Mechanical
! Analog Configuration
! Notes
! Notes
! Analog Channel Configuration
|-
|-
| DIY
| Ford / SMP TH45
| Sharp GP2D12 optical distance sensor
|
| [[Image:sensor_GP2D12.jpg|100px]]
[[Image:TPS-45.jpg|100px]]
| 3-pin connector
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/ford-throttle-position-sensor/]]
| GP2D12
|
| custom
[[Image:5752pt.jpg|100px]]
| <link>
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=http://www.autosportlabs.com/product/ford-throttle-position-sensor-pigtail/]]
| Optical distance sensor measures from 10 to 80 cm and outputs a voltage corresponding to that distance. To measure suspension travel, install a unit at each corner of car, targeting the road surface. May also be used for pedal travel as well, providing there is a target to sense
| Screw mounted, keyed input for throttle shaft
|}
|  
Common Ford style Throttle Position sensor
|
To calibrate, note the voltage at 0% throttle and then at 100% throttle. Use these two numbers to create a 2 point analog scaling map.
* [[#Throttle_Position_.2F_Variable_Resistors_.28Potentiometers.29_.2F_Linear_sensors|Wiring Guide]]
 


==Angle Sensors==


===Steering Angle===
|-
{|class="wikitable"
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background-color:#EB9F12;" | <h1>Air / Fuel Ratio Sensors</h1>
! align="left"| Mfg
|-
! Description
! Mfg / Part #
! Pic
! Image
! Pigtail
! Pigtail
! Part Numbers
! Mechanical
! Mechanical
! Analog Configuration
! Notes
! Notes
! Analog Channel Configuration
|-
|-
| DIY
| Texense LSU 4.9 Sensor
| Sharp GP2D12 optical distance sensor
|
| [[Image:sensor_GP2D12.jpg|100px]]
[[Image:texense_lsu49-5v-analog-controller_54_1z-500x480.jpg|250px]]
| 3-pin connector
[[Image:add_to_cart.png|link=https://www.autosportlabs.com/product/texense-lsu49-5v-wideband-controller/]]
| GP2D12
| Built-in wiring
| custom
| Screws into O2 sensor port
| <link>
|  
| Optical distance sensor measures from 10 to 80 cm and outputs a voltage corresponding to that distance. To measure suspension travel, install a unit at each corner of car, targeting the road surface. May also be used for pedal travel as well, providing there is a target to sense. Create a target latched to the steering rod and use the travel out and back of the steering rack rod to denote the travel left and right for steering. This measures true steering(and ignores the speed sensitivity of steering systems, showing actual tire angle result, not steering wheel rotation). It also provides a quick way to verify alignment issues as location vs. gps/accelerometer travel in the "Straight ahead" direction will be at varying angles when alignment issues are present.
LSU 4.9 sensor
|
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app
|}
|}


===Throttle Position===
=Wiring Analog Sensors=
 
==RaceCapture/Pro Analog Input Specifications==
* RaceCapture/Pro has 8 analog inputs; the 8th input is wired internally to measuring battery voltage.
* Analog input range is 0 - 5v
* Input Impedance: over 1 meg ohm
 
==Calibrating an Analog Sensor==
Refer to your sensor's data sheet for the sensor's calibration curve.
 
===Linear Sensors===
A linear sensor may specify two voltages/value pairs representing a low and high range for the sensor.  A straight line is drawn between the points on the sensor.
====Example: 150 PSI pressure sensor====
* 0.5 v = 0 PSI
* 4.5 v = 150 PSI
 
In the Analog Channel configuration, select the "'Mapped"' sensor mode, and then enter the values into the interpolated mapping grid.
* For column 1, enter the low voltage range in the '''Volts''' cell, and the low scaled value in the '''Scaled''' cell.
* For columns 2-5 enter the high voltage range in the '''Volts''' cell, and the high scaled value in the '''Scaled''' cell
[[file:linear_sensor_mapping.png]]
 
===Curved Sensors===
These are often seen with thermistor based temperature sensors, where the response is not a straight line, but a curve.  Multiple points can be used to sufficiently approximate the curve.
* '''Note''': RaceCapture will linearly interpolate the scaled values between the sensor points, so value transitions will be smooth.
 
====Example: Extended Range temperature sensor with 5v reference and 2.2K pullup resistor====
* 0.4 v = 302 F
* 0.87 v = 239 F
* 1.88 v = 176 F
* 3.2 v = 122 F
* 4.72 v = 32 F
 
In the Analog Channel configuration, select the '''Mapped''' sensor mode, and then enter the values into the interpolated mapping grid.
* '''Note''': If you have more than 5 points for the curve, spread the selection of points evenly between your low and high range. 
 
[[file:curved_sensor_mapping.png]]
 
=Types of Sensors=
==Temperature Sensor==
Temperature sensors are passive devices that measure temperature through the use of a thermistor, a resistor that varies resistance with temperature.
 
We recommend using dedicated, two wire ECU-style sensor similar to the types specified in our recommended sensor list for best results.
 
<center>[[Image:temp_sensor_connection.png]]</center>
 
===Pullup resistor===
A pullup resistor is needed to create the necessary voltage divider circuit so RaceCapture/Pro's analog input can measure temperature as a varying voltage.  This pullup resistor is connected to the 5v reference on the RaceCapture/Pro terminal block.
 
====High Resistance ECU style sensors====
Use a 2.2K ohm pull-up resistor for high resistance ECU style sensors, such as the temperature sensors in the [[#Sensors|supported list]]
 
====Low Resistance Gauge type sensors====
Low resistance gauge type sensors are not recommended. If you must use one of these types of sensors, a 1/4 watt 220 ohm pull-up resistor can be used for sensors such as VDO 323-095, 325-002 and similar.
 
===Sensor Ground===
Two wire ECU style temperature sensors have one sense lead and one ground lead. For best accuracy, connect the ground lead to the same ground point as RaceCapture/Pro.
 
One wire gauge type sensors have the ground as the body of the sensor. Ensure the engine is properly grounded to the chassis via multiple ground straps.
 
==Active Sensors==
Active sensors are powered devices that provide a variable voltage output related to the environment being measured- such as pressure, distance, temperature, speed, force, etc.
<center>[[Image:active_sensor_connection.png]]</center>
Active sensors are particularly easy to wire. Nearly all active sensors for automotive applications specify 5v power and produce an output within 0 to 5v, making them directly compatible with RaceCapture/Pro. Most active sensors have a linear output and therefore are very easy to calibrate.
 
===Steps for connecting an active sensor===
# Identify the power, ground and output signal wires. The sensor technical documentation will provide this information.
# Connect the sensor ground to the same location as the ground point for RaceCapture/Pro
# If the sensor is 5v powered, connect it to the 5v voltage reference on RaceCapture/Pro
# Connect the sensor output signal to the desired analog input port of RaceCapture/Pro
 
==Wheel Speed / Hall Effect Sensor==
Wheel speed sensors generate a series of pulses as a toothed wheel passes by the face of the sensor. We recommend hall-effect style sensors, and these are provided with 3 connections:
 
* Power
* Ground
* Signal Output
 
'''Note:''' - We do not recommend using 2 wire Variable Reluctance (VR) type sensors. VR Sensors will require a conditioning circuit before being provided to the inputs of RaceCapture/Pro.
 
[[Image:speed_sensor_connection.png]]
 
===Wiring the Speed Sensor===
 
* '''Power:''' Connect the sensor's power to the 5v Vref on RaceCapture/Pro
* '''Ground:''' Connect the sensor's ground connection to the ground shared by RaceCapture/Pro
* '''Sensor Output:''' Connect the Sensor Output to one of RaceCapture/Pro's timer input channels
 
===Optional pull up resistor===
RaceCapture/Pro requires both a voltage and ground pulse provided in the waveform provided by the sensor. Most sensors provide an internal pull-up resistor so an active square wave can be observed on the output. However, some sensors only switch ground and leave the output line in a high impedance state when not active, like opening and closing a mechanical switch. If the sensor does not provide a pull-up resistor the wheel speed signal may have noise and glitches which may be observed as high value glitches in the dashboard and log file data.
 
If it's determined a pull-up resistor is needed:
* Use 2.2 to 10K pull-up resistor can be added close to RaceCapture/Pro to ensure a clear signal
* You can use the [[SensorX]] breakout board to conveniently wire this pull-up resistor
 
==Throttle Position / Variable Resistors (Potentiometers) / Linear sensors ==
These type of sensors are passive devices comprising some form of a variable resistor. Examples include:
* Throttle Position Sensors
* Linear sensors
* String Potentiometers
* Single and multi-turn Potentiometers
* Fuel Level Sensors
 
===Standard Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)===
These are typically found in Throttle Position Sensors (TPS), string potentiometers, and linear sensors.
 
[[Image:Potentiometer Sensor Connection.png]]
 
# Consult the sensor's technical documentation for sensor connections.
# Connect one of the outside legs of the variable resistor to the ground point for RaceCapture/Pro
# Connect the opposite leg of the variable resistor to the 5v Vref of RaceCapture/Pro
# Connect the variable resistor wiper (typically the center lead) to the the desired analog input port of RaceCapture/Pro
 
During calibration, if the sensor reads backwards, flip the 5v and ground connections.
 
===Fuel Level Sensors===
Also a variable resistor, these provide a variable resistance based on the level of the float.
 
====Wiring====
Determine if you need a pullup resistor, or if you are tapping into an existing circuit with a gauge.
 
=====If you already have a gauge connected=====
You will '''not need''' a pullup resistor - the gauge's internal circuitry already provides one. You will only need to tap into the existing signal feeding the fuel gauge sender.  Jump to the calibration process below.
 
* '''Note''' you will need to ensure the sender does not exceed 5v during calibration. if it does, you will need an additional voltage divider to scale the voltage down to 0-5v required by the RaceCapture input.
 
[[file:Fuel_level_sender_with_existing_gauge.png]]
 
=====If you have no gauge / you want to only use RaceCapture for your dashboard gauge=====
If you only have the sender and want to directly integrate with RaceCapture's analog input, follow this procedure.
 
[[file:Fuel_level_sender_direct_connection.png]]
 
* Choose a pull-up resistor value based on the the sender's ohm range. If it is less than 1000 ohms, then choose a 1000 (1K) ohm resistor as your pull-up.  If the sender range is higher than 1000 ohms, choose a 2.2K resistor.
** Rule of thumb - choose a resistor that is about 2X to 4X the maximum resistance of the sender.
** A 1/2 watt, 1% accuracy resistor is recommended.
 
* Wire up the sender per the diagram:
** Connect the ground of the fuel level sender to ground (ideally the same ground point used by RaceCapture)
** Connect the output of the sender to one of RaceCapture's analog inputs
** Connect the pullup resistor between +5v reference and the sender's output. This creates the voltage divider circuit which will present RaceCapture with a variable voltage depending on fuel level.
 
====Calibration====
With the fuel at different levels, measure and note the voltage present at the RaceCapture analog input for different fuel levels:
* Empty (0%)
* 1/4 (25%)
* 1/2 (50%)
* 3/4 (75%)
* Full (100%)
 
====Set up the Analog Channel====
* Choose an available analog input for your Fuel Level channel, then select the basic fuel level preset by selecting '''FuelLevel''' in the dropdown list.
** This pre-sets the units (%), logging precision and min / max values. You can edit this by pressing the gear button next to the channel name.
 
* Set the sample rate to 1Hz.
 
* Set the mode to Mapped. This will let you create a curved mapping for the sensor voltage.
 
* Set the smoothing to Maximum - this will help account for variances due to fuel slosh.
 
* Enter the mapped values noted in the calibration process into the Analog Channel mapping editor under RaceCapture setup. This will provide the calibration curve for your fuel tank.
 
* Write these settings back to RaceCapture and observe your fuel level readings in units of percentage.


===Brake Position/Pressure===
====Example BMW E36 fuel level mapping====
Example BMW E36 Fuel curve mapping (your sender's calibration will be different)


==Linear Sensors==
[[file:BMW_E36_fuel_level_curve.png]]


=Wiring=
==Sensor Breakout Board==
==Sensor Breakout Board==
SensorX is a breakout / distribution board that will make it easier to use sensors that require pullup resistors as well as making available multiple ground and 5V Vref connections. The built-in pullup resistors are easily disabled by breaking a designated trace on the board. This board is compact; enough to be bundled inline with your wiring harness and covered in heat shrink tubing when complete.


We've created an optional sensor breakout / distribution board that will make it easier to use sensors that require pullup resistors as well as making available multiple ground and 5V Vref connections. The built-in pullup resistors are easily disabled by breaking a designated trace on the board. This board is compact; enough to be bundled inline with your wiring harness.
[[Image:sensorX_board.png|600px]]
[[Image:sensorX_board.png]]


[https://github.com/autosportlabs/SensorX SensorX]
[[SensorX|Sensor X instructions]]

Revision as of 04:00, 5 April 2019

Sensors

Temperature Sensors

GM-Style

Mfg / Part # Image Pigtail Mechanical Notes Analog Channel Configuration
  • Wells SU109
  • SMP TX3
  • Pigtail: Pico 5615pt

SU109 C.jpg

3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal. Can be used for air inlet temperature for normally aspirated engine
  • Preset available in the RaceCapture app
  • Wells SU107
  • SMP AX1
  • Pigtail: Pico 5616pt

SU107 C.jpg

3/8" NPT threaded brass body and a 2 pin terminal.
  • Use for measuring air inlet temperature.
  • Exposed sensing element, necessary for boosted engines where fast response times are necessary.
  • Due to the fragility of the sensing bulb, it is necessary to pot the base of the sensor leads with sensor-safe silicone when used in high vibration environments.

Delphi Style

  • Delphi 12160855 equivalent
  • AEM-30-2012 Equivalent
AEM-30-2012.jpg

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  • Extended temperature range - suitable for coolant and oil
  • 1/8" NPT
  • Plug set and pins are included with kit

Infrared Sensors

Mfg / Part # Image Notes

Thermocouple Sensors

Mfg / Part # Image Notes

Pressure Sensors

Fluid Pressure

These sensors are appropriate for measuring fluid pressures in an engine. Not appropriate for measuring manifold boost or vacuum as these are relative pressure sensors. Use an absolute pressure sensor instead.
Mfg / Part # Image Pigtail Mechanical Notes Analog Channel Configuration
AEM 30-2131-150 AEM-30-2131-150.jpg 3 pin GM connector 1/8" NPT
  • 150 PSI pressure sensor, appropriate for oil and fuel.
  • Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
  • Technical Specifications
  • Default kit from AEM includes pigtail
  • Preset available in the RaceCapture app
Various 10 bar 150 psi ss pressure sensor.jpg

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3 pin GM connector 1/8" NPT port
  • 150 PSI stainless steel pressure sensor.
  • Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
  • Other sensor ranges are possible - e.g. 10, 30, 150 bar, with a consistent linear output.
2175 PSI / 150 Bar sensor 10 bar 150 psi ss pressure sensor.jpg

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3 pin GM connector 1/8" NPT port
  • 2175 PSI / 150 Bar stainless steel pressure sensor.
  • Linear response with an output between 0.5v and 4.5v
  • Typically used for high pressure sensing, such as brake or clutch pressure

Manifold Pressure (MAP) Sensors

  • Sensor: 12223861 (GM)
  • Pigtail: 15305891 (GM) PT1035 (AC Delco)

GM 3bar map sensor.jpg Add to cart.png

GM 15305891 pigtail.jpg
  • Bracket for firewall mounting
  • vacuum port
3 bar MAP sensor
  • Preset available in the RaceCapture app
Freescale MXP4250AP

Freescale-Semiconductor-MPX4250AP.jpg Add to cart.png

2.5 bar MAP sensor
  • An extremely popular MAP sensor used in the Megajolt ignition and Megasquirt fuel injection systems.
  • Can be used in a simple circuit and powered by the 5v voltage reference from Race Capture
* Preset available in the RaceCapture app

Tire Pressure

Mfg / Part # Image Notes
Schrader
  • OEM TMPS System
  • Schrader TPMS receiver outputs tire pressure data on the CAN bus. would need to reverse engineer CAN bus protocol.
  • Analysis / Reverse engineering work queued

Pulse/Speed/RPM Sensors

RPM

Mfg / Part # Image Notes
Autosport Labs CoilX CoilX.png The CoilX sensor module is designed to safely interface the noisy, high voltage RPM signal at the ignition coil pack primary into a clean signal that RaceCapture/Pro can process.

Wheel Speed / Gear speed

Hall effect speed sensors will require an external 1K pull-up resistor, connected to 5v. This can be wired up near the sensor connection for convenience.
Mfg / Part # Image Notes Pulse Channel Configuration
Hamlin 55505

Hamlin 55505 gear wheel speed sensor.jpg Add to cart.png

  • Simple 3 wire hookup - No external pullup resistor required
  • Rugged Hall effect sensor suitable for harsh automotive environments (fuels, solvents, lubricants)
  • -40 to 125c operation
  • Technical Specifications
  • Configure the pulse channel with the number of pulses per revolution, which maps to the number of teeth on the gear / wheel.
Cherry GS100701

Cherry GS100701 gear speed sensor.jpg Add to cart.png

Distance Sensors

Ride Height

Mfg / Part # Image Pigtail Notes Analog Channel Configuration
Sharp GP2D12 Sensor GP2D12.jpg
  • Optical distance sensor - 10 to 80cm range
  • 3-pin connector, analog output
  • Possible uses include ride height position (pointed at ground) and pedal position
  • Technical Specifications

Steps to calibrate:

  1. After installation place the vehicle on a level surface.
  2. Set the Analog calibration to 0-5v simple linear scaling
  3. At rest, note the voltage of the sensor. This is the zero level.
  4. Raise and safely support the corner of the vehicle and remove the spring.
  5. Move the suspension arm to full droop. Note actual inches / mm traveled and also note the voltage logged by RaceCapture/Pro
  6. Move the suspension arm to full compression. Note actual inches / mm and also note the voltage logged by RaceCapture/Pro
  7. Create Calibration Table:
  • Place the droop voltage / distance combination into the 1st column of the calibration table. Make the distance negative
  • Place the 'at rest' voltage into the 2nd column of the calibration table. Make the distance zero
  • Place the compression voltage / distance into the 3rd column of the calibration table. Make the distance positive
  • Repeat the compression voltage / distance values for the 4th and 5th columns.
  • BMW 37140141444
  • Pigtail: 61138383300
BMW 37140141444 ride height sensor.jpg BMW 61138383300.jpg
  • 5v power supply
  • Approximately 0-5v output
  • Measures distance over 90 degrees of the arm travel.
  • Used as a ride-height sensor for BMW and Mini applications for auto-leveling headlights
Texense RHS Texense RHS Infrared Ride Height Sensor.jpg
KA Sensors RHL3 KA Sensors RHL3 Laser Ride Height Sensor.jpg
Various Mfg / String Potentiometer String Potentiometer.jpg

String Potentiometers can be used for a variety of purposes: Linear, distance, and rotation (if cable is wrapped around a shaft)

Angle / Rotation Sensors

Throttle Position (TPS)

Mfg / Part # Image Pigtail Mechanical Notes Analog Channel Configuration
Ford / SMP TH45

TPS-45.jpg Add to cart.png

5752pt.jpg Add to cart.png

Screw mounted, keyed input for throttle shaft

Common Ford style Throttle Position sensor

To calibrate, note the voltage at 0% throttle and then at 100% throttle. Use these two numbers to create a 2 point analog scaling map.


Air / Fuel Ratio Sensors

Mfg / Part # Image Pigtail Mechanical Notes Analog Channel Configuration
Texense LSU 4.9 Sensor

Texense lsu49-5v-analog-controller 54 1z-500x480.jpg Add to cart.png

Built-in wiring Screws into O2 sensor port

LSU 4.9 sensor

  • Preset available in the RaceCapture app

Wiring Analog Sensors

RaceCapture/Pro Analog Input Specifications

  • RaceCapture/Pro has 8 analog inputs; the 8th input is wired internally to measuring battery voltage.
  • Analog input range is 0 - 5v
  • Input Impedance: over 1 meg ohm

Calibrating an Analog Sensor

Refer to your sensor's data sheet for the sensor's calibration curve.

Linear Sensors

A linear sensor may specify two voltages/value pairs representing a low and high range for the sensor. A straight line is drawn between the points on the sensor.

Example: 150 PSI pressure sensor

  • 0.5 v = 0 PSI
  • 4.5 v = 150 PSI

In the Analog Channel configuration, select the "'Mapped"' sensor mode, and then enter the values into the interpolated mapping grid.

  • For column 1, enter the low voltage range in the Volts cell, and the low scaled value in the Scaled cell.
  • For columns 2-5 enter the high voltage range in the Volts cell, and the high scaled value in the Scaled cell

Linear sensor mapping.png

Curved Sensors

These are often seen with thermistor based temperature sensors, where the response is not a straight line, but a curve. Multiple points can be used to sufficiently approximate the curve.

  • Note: RaceCapture will linearly interpolate the scaled values between the sensor points, so value transitions will be smooth.

Example: Extended Range temperature sensor with 5v reference and 2.2K pullup resistor

  • 0.4 v = 302 F
  • 0.87 v = 239 F
  • 1.88 v = 176 F
  • 3.2 v = 122 F
  • 4.72 v = 32 F

In the Analog Channel configuration, select the Mapped sensor mode, and then enter the values into the interpolated mapping grid.

  • Note: If you have more than 5 points for the curve, spread the selection of points evenly between your low and high range.

Curved sensor mapping.png

Types of Sensors

Temperature Sensor

Temperature sensors are passive devices that measure temperature through the use of a thermistor, a resistor that varies resistance with temperature.

We recommend using dedicated, two wire ECU-style sensor similar to the types specified in our recommended sensor list for best results.

Temp sensor connection.png

Pullup resistor

A pullup resistor is needed to create the necessary voltage divider circuit so RaceCapture/Pro's analog input can measure temperature as a varying voltage. This pullup resistor is connected to the 5v reference on the RaceCapture/Pro terminal block.

High Resistance ECU style sensors

Use a 2.2K ohm pull-up resistor for high resistance ECU style sensors, such as the temperature sensors in the supported list

Low Resistance Gauge type sensors

Low resistance gauge type sensors are not recommended. If you must use one of these types of sensors, a 1/4 watt 220 ohm pull-up resistor can be used for sensors such as VDO 323-095, 325-002 and similar.

Sensor Ground

Two wire ECU style temperature sensors have one sense lead and one ground lead. For best accuracy, connect the ground lead to the same ground point as RaceCapture/Pro.

One wire gauge type sensors have the ground as the body of the sensor. Ensure the engine is properly grounded to the chassis via multiple ground straps.

Active Sensors

Active sensors are powered devices that provide a variable voltage output related to the environment being measured- such as pressure, distance, temperature, speed, force, etc.

Active sensor connection.png

Active sensors are particularly easy to wire. Nearly all active sensors for automotive applications specify 5v power and produce an output within 0 to 5v, making them directly compatible with RaceCapture/Pro. Most active sensors have a linear output and therefore are very easy to calibrate.

Steps for connecting an active sensor

  1. Identify the power, ground and output signal wires. The sensor technical documentation will provide this information.
  2. Connect the sensor ground to the same location as the ground point for RaceCapture/Pro
  3. If the sensor is 5v powered, connect it to the 5v voltage reference on RaceCapture/Pro
  4. Connect the sensor output signal to the desired analog input port of RaceCapture/Pro

Wheel Speed / Hall Effect Sensor

Wheel speed sensors generate a series of pulses as a toothed wheel passes by the face of the sensor. We recommend hall-effect style sensors, and these are provided with 3 connections:

  • Power
  • Ground
  • Signal Output

Note: - We do not recommend using 2 wire Variable Reluctance (VR) type sensors. VR Sensors will require a conditioning circuit before being provided to the inputs of RaceCapture/Pro.

Speed sensor connection.png

Wiring the Speed Sensor

  • Power: Connect the sensor's power to the 5v Vref on RaceCapture/Pro
  • Ground: Connect the sensor's ground connection to the ground shared by RaceCapture/Pro
  • Sensor Output: Connect the Sensor Output to one of RaceCapture/Pro's timer input channels

Optional pull up resistor

RaceCapture/Pro requires both a voltage and ground pulse provided in the waveform provided by the sensor. Most sensors provide an internal pull-up resistor so an active square wave can be observed on the output. However, some sensors only switch ground and leave the output line in a high impedance state when not active, like opening and closing a mechanical switch. If the sensor does not provide a pull-up resistor the wheel speed signal may have noise and glitches which may be observed as high value glitches in the dashboard and log file data.

If it's determined a pull-up resistor is needed:

  • Use 2.2 to 10K pull-up resistor can be added close to RaceCapture/Pro to ensure a clear signal
  • You can use the SensorX breakout board to conveniently wire this pull-up resistor

Throttle Position / Variable Resistors (Potentiometers) / Linear sensors

These type of sensors are passive devices comprising some form of a variable resistor. Examples include:

  • Throttle Position Sensors
  • Linear sensors
  • String Potentiometers
  • Single and multi-turn Potentiometers
  • Fuel Level Sensors

Standard Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)

These are typically found in Throttle Position Sensors (TPS), string potentiometers, and linear sensors.

Potentiometer Sensor Connection.png

  1. Consult the sensor's technical documentation for sensor connections.
  2. Connect one of the outside legs of the variable resistor to the ground point for RaceCapture/Pro
  3. Connect the opposite leg of the variable resistor to the 5v Vref of RaceCapture/Pro
  4. Connect the variable resistor wiper (typically the center lead) to the the desired analog input port of RaceCapture/Pro

During calibration, if the sensor reads backwards, flip the 5v and ground connections.

Fuel Level Sensors

Also a variable resistor, these provide a variable resistance based on the level of the float.

Wiring

Determine if you need a pullup resistor, or if you are tapping into an existing circuit with a gauge.

If you already have a gauge connected

You will not need a pullup resistor - the gauge's internal circuitry already provides one. You will only need to tap into the existing signal feeding the fuel gauge sender. Jump to the calibration process below.

  • Note you will need to ensure the sender does not exceed 5v during calibration. if it does, you will need an additional voltage divider to scale the voltage down to 0-5v required by the RaceCapture input.

Fuel level sender with existing gauge.png

If you have no gauge / you want to only use RaceCapture for your dashboard gauge

If you only have the sender and want to directly integrate with RaceCapture's analog input, follow this procedure.

Fuel level sender direct connection.png

  • Choose a pull-up resistor value based on the the sender's ohm range. If it is less than 1000 ohms, then choose a 1000 (1K) ohm resistor as your pull-up. If the sender range is higher than 1000 ohms, choose a 2.2K resistor.
    • Rule of thumb - choose a resistor that is about 2X to 4X the maximum resistance of the sender.
    • A 1/2 watt, 1% accuracy resistor is recommended.
  • Wire up the sender per the diagram:
    • Connect the ground of the fuel level sender to ground (ideally the same ground point used by RaceCapture)
    • Connect the output of the sender to one of RaceCapture's analog inputs
    • Connect the pullup resistor between +5v reference and the sender's output. This creates the voltage divider circuit which will present RaceCapture with a variable voltage depending on fuel level.

Calibration

With the fuel at different levels, measure and note the voltage present at the RaceCapture analog input for different fuel levels:

  • Empty (0%)
  • 1/4 (25%)
  • 1/2 (50%)
  • 3/4 (75%)
  • Full (100%)

Set up the Analog Channel

  • Choose an available analog input for your Fuel Level channel, then select the basic fuel level preset by selecting FuelLevel in the dropdown list.
    • This pre-sets the units (%), logging precision and min / max values. You can edit this by pressing the gear button next to the channel name.
  • Set the sample rate to 1Hz.
  • Set the mode to Mapped. This will let you create a curved mapping for the sensor voltage.
  • Set the smoothing to Maximum - this will help account for variances due to fuel slosh.
  • Enter the mapped values noted in the calibration process into the Analog Channel mapping editor under RaceCapture setup. This will provide the calibration curve for your fuel tank.
  • Write these settings back to RaceCapture and observe your fuel level readings in units of percentage.

Example BMW E36 fuel level mapping

Example BMW E36 Fuel curve mapping (your sender's calibration will be different)

BMW E36 fuel level curve.png

Sensor Breakout Board

SensorX is a breakout / distribution board that will make it easier to use sensors that require pullup resistors as well as making available multiple ground and 5V Vref connections. The built-in pullup resistors are easily disabled by breaking a designated trace on the board. This board is compact; enough to be bundled inline with your wiring harness and covered in heat shrink tubing when complete.

SensorX board.png

Sensor X instructions